Unit 9教案 Confessions of a Miseducated Man

【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流.....精品文档......Unit9ConfessionsofaMiseducatedManUnit9ConfessionsofaMiseducatedManTeachingAims:Studentswillbeableto:1)KnowledgeandSkillsDevelopreadingskills-understandthemainidea，structureofthetext，andtheskillsofreadingforspecificinformation-scanning;allbut,notthat…butthat,riseto,wipeout,instructsb.in,acton,respondto,etc.2)CultureLearnaboutrelationshipandglobalizationandeducation;tribalism,regionalism,racism;culturaldifferencesandsimilarities;commonconcernsandissuesofhumanbeing3)EmotionBewellawareofthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinallkindsofcultures;Haveacriticalviewoftheideasposedbytheauthortowards“mis-educated”Warming-upQuestions:--Understandingofthetitle1.Whatisaconfession?-----It’saformalstatementthatyou’vedonesth.wrongorillegal;It’saprivatestatementtoapriestaboutthebadthingsyou’vedone;2.What’sthedifferencebetweenbeingMiseducatedandUneducated?-----Amiseducatedpersonisonewhohasreceivedformaleducationbutiseducatedinawrongway.Anuneducatedpersonisonewhohasreceivednoformalschooleducation.3.Howdoyoupredictthetopicoftheessay?4.HowwouldyourelatetheissueofthisessaytothatofAnotherSchoolYear—WhatFor?andTheGreenBanana?AbouttheAuthor—NormanCousins(1915-1990)SomeofhislifehistorypossiblyrelatedtotheessayBorninNewJersey,educatedinandgraduatedfromColumbiaUniversityTeachersCollege;EditorofSaturdayReviewfor35yrs;Lifelongconcernsincludeworldpeace,worldgovernance,justice,humanfreedom,health,etc.;Proponentofworldfederalismandworldgovernment;Whatisworldfederalism?WorldFederalismmeanshavingdemocraticallyaccountablepoliticalinstitutionstodealwithissuesatthemostappropriatelevel,accordingtotheprincipleofsubsidiary.Inthebook,Cousinsexpandedhisargumentsforworldfederalismandforaworldnolongerbasedonthesupremacyofnationalismandothersuperficialdifferencesasfollows:“Theneweducationmustbelessconcernedwithsophisticationthancompassion.Itmustrecognizethehazardsoftribalism.Itmustteachmanthemostdifficultlessonofall—tolookatsomeoneanywhereintheworldandbeabletoseetheimageofhimself.Theoldemphasisuponsuperficialdifferencesthatseparatepeoplesmustgivewaytoeducationforcitizenshipinthehumancommunity.”Cf.Para.7Andhecontinued,“Withsuchaneducationandwithsuchself-understanding,itispossiblethatsomenationorpeoplemaycomeforwardwiththevitalinspirationthatmenneednolessthanfood.Leadershiponthishigherleveldoesnotrequiremountainsofgoldorthunderingpropaganda.Itisconcernedwithhumandestiny.Humandestinyistheissue.Peoplewillrespond.”Cf.Para.11Heconcludedthebookwith:“Warisaninventionofthehumanmind.Thehumanmindcaninventpeacewithjustice.”Backgroundinformation:Globalizationandeducation(全球化与教育)Generallyspeaking,globalizationistherapidincreaseincross-bordereconomic,social,andtechnologicalexchange.Itisalsodefinedasaprocessleadingtogreaterinterdependenceandmutualawarenessamongeconomic,politicalandsocialunitsintheworld.AccordingtoRosenau,globalizationcanbedescribedastheemergenceofalteredglobalstructuresanddrivenbyaskillrevolution,anorganizationexplosion,andacontinuousflowofideas,money,goods,andpeoplethatisrenderinglong-standingterritorialboundariesincreasinglyobsoleteandfosteringanextensivedecentralizationofauthority.Educationsystemscanalsobeseenasthecoreoftheglobalizationprocess.Atpresent,governmentsaretryingtocompeteontheglobalmarketsbyplacingthefocusofpolicyoneducationtoproducethe“humancapital”mostappealingtoglobalcompetition.Rinne(瑞尼)emphasizedthateducationalpolicyhasbecomeanevermoreimportantpartthaneconomic,trade,laborandsocialpolicyinwesterncountries.Genre:ArgumentationTheauthor’sview:1)Toprepareoneselfforthisnewworld,wemustallbere-educatedbecausesofartheeducationwe’vereceivedonlytellsusthedifferencesamongpeoples,whicharesuperficial,one-sided,andmisleading.Educationaboutdifferencesmaybeusefulfortourists,butitisuselessifwereallywanttounderstandotherpeople.2)Apropereducationshouldtellusthattherearemoresimilaritiesthandifferencesamongpeoples.Thedifferencesareinsignificantwhereasthesimilaritiesareessentialandfundamental.Thesesimilaritiesmeanthatwehavethesameneeds,facethesameproblemsandposesthesamepotentialitiestosolvetheseproblems.Wecanbeequalmembersoftheinternationalcommunityandlearntolivehappilytogetherwithmutualrespect.3)Over-emphasisondifferencescaneasilyleadtoracism,colonialism,andimperialism---alltribalisminitsvariedforms.CriticalView:Para4“…thattheprincipalsignificanceofsuchdifferenceswasthattheywerelargelywithoutsignificance”.---Properunderstandingofthedifferencesisextremelyimportanttoo.Withoutthis,mutualrespectisimpossible.Differencesdon’tdivideus.Itisthewrongattitudetowardourdifferencesthatturnusintobitterenemies.4)Peoplecanlearnnotonlytoaccept,butalsototreasurediversities.Theycangraduallyrealizethatpeoplecanbedifferentbutequal.Theycanlearnfromeachotherandbenefitfromthesedifferences.Withoutthesedifferences,therewouldbenopointofinternationalcommunication.Criticalview:Mis-educated--Half-educatedStructureAnalysis:PartI(paras.1-4)InwhatwaywasImiseducated?TheeducationIreceivedconcentratedondifferencesandignoredsimilarities.PartII(paras.5-7)Whywasthiseducationinadequate?Aneducationindifferencescannotmeettheneedsoftheagewearelivingin.PartIII(paras.8-10)Whatkindofeducationdoweneed?Weneedaneducationwithemphasisonthecommonneedsofhumanity.PartIV(para.11)Whatwillthisneweducationpossiblybringabout?Anationmaycomeforwardtoplayaleadingroleinhumanity’seffortstosolveitsproblems.TextAnalysisWhatmarksthedifferencesbetweentheworldin1850andtheworldnow?Whyis“AsiaandAfrica”thebestplacetoapplythetest?Whatdoestheauthor’seducationteachhim?Giveexamples.Whydoeshesaythathiseducation“protectedmeagainstsurprise”?Whatdoestheeducationfailtoteachhim?Doyouagreewithhim?PartI(1-4)InwhatwaywasImiseducated?Para2Question:1)Whatkindoftestdoestheauthorsuggest?Whyis“AsiaandAfrica”thebestplacetoapplythetest?LanguageFocusDistinguishbetween“enough,sufficient,adequate.”adequate表示足够的程度比enough,sufficient低，表示“刚够，刚好（onlyjustenough）”。温饱问题（theproblemofadequatefoodandclothing）Hewasnottall________tocarryarifle.(enough)Welacked__________fundstofinishtheproject.(sufficient)Idon’tthinksheis__________astheteamleader.(adequate)Para.31.Notthat…----usedbeforeasentenceorphrasetoexpresstheoppositeofwhatfollows.e.g.We’vebeenhappytogetherforhalfacentury—notthatweneverquarreled.Istoppedandpickedyouup—notthatIwasnotafraid.Shedidnotbuythecoat—notthatshedidnotlikeit.Shejustfeltthatitwastooexpensive.2.Anthropology----thesciencethatdealswiththeorigins,physicalandculturaldevelopment,biologicalcharacteristics,andsocialcustomsandbeliefsofhumankind.3.Paraphrasing:Inshort,myeducationprotectedmeagainstsurprise.Inaword,theeducationIhadhadtaughtmeenoughaboutthedifferencesamongpeoplesothatIwouldn’tfeelsurprisedatwhatIsaw,nomatterhowdifferenttheymightbe.Para.41.Question:Howdoyouunderstandthesentence1)Butwhatmyeducationfailedtodowastoteachmethattheprincipalsignificanceofsuchdifferenceswasthattheywerelargelywithoutsignificance.-----TheeducationIhaddidnotteachmetoseethefactthatthemainmeaningofrecognizingsuchdifferenceswasthattheywerenotmeaningfulinagreatmeasure(ifcomparedwiththemeaningofunderstandingthesimilarities).2)Thedifferenceswereallbutwipedoutbythesimilarities.---Thedifferencesbecamesoinsignificantcomparedwiththesimilaritiesthattheywerealmostcompletelypushedasideandforgotten.3)Myeducationhadby-passedthesimilarities.----TheeducationIhadhad(didnotteachme/)avoideddealingwiththesimilaritiesamongpeoples.4)Andthesimplestrealityofallwasthat….---Todaytheworldisdividedintonationsthatforcetheworldtobecomeseparateparts.Butnosinglenationismoreimportantthanthewholecommunity,anddifferencesintheirreligiousfaiths,politicalornationalloyalties,ortheirculturesshouldnotbeallowedtoblindustothebasicthingstheyallshare.2.Parallelism----“greaterthan…”3.allbut…-----almostcompletelye.g.Theirscreamsallbutdrownedoutthemusic.IallbutgotattackedbythetwotimberwolveswhenMaheeguncametomyrescue.Weallbutlostthegame.4.wipeout:Halfthepopulationwaswipedoutbyplague.e.g.Theheathaswipedmeout.(informal,tomakesb.feelextremelytired/exhausted)Compare:e.g.Thepricewillwipethesmileoffhisface.Inafewyearsthisspeciescouldbewipedoffthefaceoftheearth.PartIIWhywasthiseducationinadequate?Para.51.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“…buttostoptherewaslikeclearingthegroundwithoutanyideaofwhatwastobebuiltonit.”?…butjustrespectingthedifferencesisnotenough;wemustgofurtherandrealizeourcommonconcerns.----cleartheground:togetthelandreadyforconstructionbyremovingirrelevantthingsfromit.2.toacton…:----todosth.becauseofe.g.theonemakingnodistinctionsofgoodandevil,actingonnoprinciples…Heactedonhisowninitiativeallthetime.他凡事都凭自愿。Sheisactingontheadviceofherlawyers.Para61.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence:Itwasthemarkofaroundedmantobewelltraveled-----Beingwidelytraveledinforeigncountriesusedtoberegardedastheindicationofamanwithafullydevelopedpersonality.----rounded:well-rounded,(ofaperson)havingarangeofinterestsandskillsandavarietyofexperienceWell-traveled:much-traveled/widelytraveled,havingvisitedalotofcountries.Para.7QuestionsWhatis“thegreatcompression”that“cameovernight”?---Suddenly,countriesandnationsbecamecloselyconnectedasiftheworldhadbecomeverysmall.Whydoes“far-flungareabecomecrowdedtogetherinasinglearena”?----Moderntransportationandtelecommunicationhadshorteneddistances.Therefore,nocountrycouldbecutofffromoutsideinfluence.Whatcanwegettoknowabouttheevolutionoftribalismininterculturalcommunicationin“tribalismhadpersistedfromearliesttimes,thoughithadtakenrefinedforms”?Whatarethose“refinedforms”?----Tribalismwasoutdated,eventhoughitexistedinnewforms---regionalism,racism,andnationalism,whichareequallyharmful.ComparedwiththeeducationmentionedinPara.6,whatcanbeexpectedfrom“aneducationinself-recognition”?5.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Theoldemphasisuponsuperficialdifferenceshadtogivewaytoeducationformutualityandforcitizenshipinthehumancommunity.”----Thetraditionaleducationwiththeemphasisonthesuperficialdifferencesbetweendifferentpeoples,differentcultures,etc.shouldbereplacedbyanewtypeofeducationfocusingonmutualrespect,mutualunderstanding,equalityinterdependenceandhowtobeacitizeninthewholehumancommunity.Para.8QuestionsWhatisthefactin“webeginwiththefactthatuniverseitselfdoesnotholdlifecheaply”?-----Sofarwehaven’tdetectedanysignoflifeinouterspace.Somescientistssaythatwemaywellbealoneintheuniverse.Thistellsushowpreciouslifeis.Andthisrespectoflifeistheverybasisonwhichwemustbuildthefutureworldcommunity.Whatsortoffacultyorgiftis“acreativeintelligence”?Whatdoesitenablemantodointheauthor’sview?Canyouexplain“toreflectandforesee,totakeinpastexperience,andalsotovisualizefutureneeds”?----Ofallthefacultieshumanshave,themostimportantistheircreativeintelligencethatmakesitpossibleforthemtothinkandforesee,tounderstandandrememberpastexperience,andtoprepareforfutureneeds.3.totakein…----tounderstandandremembere.g.ItoldGrandpaweweregoingaway,butIdon’tthinkhetookitin.Itishardforchildrentotakeinthefullmeaningofsocialresponsibility.Para9Questions1.Summarize(1stsentence)whatallpeopleshaveincommon.Allhumansarecapableofthinking.Theyareallcapableofspiritualbelief.Theyarecapableofcreatingprintandcommunicatinginprintwithouttherestrictionoftimeandspace.Theyarecapableofenjoyingmusicandart.respondto…e.gCliverespondedtomysuggestionwithalaugh.TheUSrespondedtothechallengebysendingtroopsintoIraq.Noonehasyetrespondedtoourcomplaints.Hercancerfailedtorespondtotreatment.(toimproveasaresultofaparticularkindoftreatment)Para.10QuestionsHowwouldyouunderstand“Nextinorderwouldbeinstructionintheunityofhumanneeds”?----Thenextimportantthingwouldbetogetpeopletorealizethatallhumanneedsareaunifiedwhole.Theunityofhumanneedsmeans“thedelicatebalanceorinterdependenceofhumanneeds.(人类需要的整体性。)Whydoestheauthorsay“Howeverfriendlytheuniversemaybe,ithaslefttheconditionsofhumanexistenceprecariouslybalanced”?Whatare“theconditionsofhumanexistence”?---Humanconditionsnowadaysareverydelicate.Wemusthavewaterandoxygenforsurvival.Toomuchortoolittleofthesethingswouldcauseadisaster.Thesethingsshouldbewellbalanced.Howcanweuse“self-understandinginthecauseofhumanwelfare”?Whatare“theengineswehavecreatedthatthreatentoaltertheprecariousbalanceonwhichlifedepends”?Canyougivesomeexamples?-----“Engines”isusedfigurativelytostandforallthetechnologicaldevelopmentshumanbeingshaveachieved.Humanbeingshaveinventedagreatmanythingstogiveusmorepowerandtomakeourlifeeasier.Butthesehumancreationsarenowthreateningthebalanceofourenvironmentalconditions.5.toconcern---Ifsth.concernsyou,itaffects/involvesyoue.g.Thepriceofwaterwillconcernmanypeople.(notinpassive)tomakesb.feelworried/upset;ThatBessdidnotworktosaveforheroldagereallyconcernedLottie.Ifastory/book/reportconcernssb./sth.,itisaboutthem.Thisessayconcerns(isabout)howtheauthorthinksofhiseducationinthepastyears.Para.11QuestionsWhatdoes“somenationorpeople”possiblyrefertointhetext?Whatsortof“leadership”istheauthortalkingabout?Theauthorishopingthatsomenationmaytakeuptheresponsibilitytoleadusinsolvingthepresentproblems,acountrywhichunderstandsthevitalhumanneedsandcangivetherestoftheworldimportantinspiration.ItisclearthattheauthorhopesthattheUnitedStateswillbeabletoplaythatrole.Heimpliesthis,believingasmanyofhiscountrymendidthatsuchistheir“manifestdestiny.”3.tocomeforward(with/as/todosth.)----toofferyourselfforajob,election,etc.e.g.Morewomenarecomingforwardascandidatesthanevenbefore.Weneedmorevolunteerstocomeforwardtohelp.Agirlhascomeforwardwith(offerhelptosb.whoneedsorhasaskedforit)adescriptionofthemurderer.SummaryDevelopmentofargumentation2.StylisticFeatures:1.Parallelism(Para3,9,10)2.Repetition3.InversionFurtherdiscussion:Workingroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions:Whyisitsoimportantforpeoplesintheworldtounderstandtheirsimilaritiesanddifferences?Whatmighthappenifwedon’t?Whatdoyouthinkistheproperattitudetowardsthedifferencesandsimilaritiesamongpeoples?Canyouseeanysignificanceinproposingsuchanissuenow?Furtherquestions:1.Whatwouldyouseeasthebiggestdifferenceamonghumanbeings,language,religion,orpolitical/ideologicalsystem?2.Whatistheirmostimportantsimilarity?3.Doyouagreeifsomepeoplesaythatglobalizationisthestrategyofculturaldifferences?4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosayintheessay?5.Canyoupickoutthesentence(s)youthinkbestexpress(es)hisidea?6.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthemostimportantsimilarityamonghumanbeings?Doyouagreewithhimonthat?7.Whatarethose“superficialdifferences”?Isittruethattherearemoresimilaritiesthandifferencesinhumanbeings?Whatarethebasiclessonsofaneweducation?Andwhatistheimportanceofsuchaneweducation?