英语三级笔译词汇小集
字号:大 中 小
英语三级笔译词汇小集——旅游
Adamingxia收集整理
旅游黄金周golden week for tourism 世界旅游日World Tourism Day
/豪华游normal/luxury tour(travel) 黄金线路/景点hot travel route/spot 出境游/国内游outbound/inbound tourism 自助游independent/do-it-yourself travel 随团旅游group travel
外滩(上海) the Bund
斜拉索桥stayed-cable bridge
新干线 “the Shinkansen, bullet train”
磁悬浮列车Maglev(train); magnetically levitated train; magnetic suspension train
轻轨light rail train
旱地滑雪场mock skiing park
风景区scenic areas
宁静环境peaceful environment
美丽景色beautiful views
如画的风景picturesque landscape
水乡泽国the water resort
独特的人文景观unique human landscape
物华天宝a land of plenty
人杰地灵rich land fostering more talents 人文山水a unique culture in a nice natural surrounding 优美的高山高原自然风光beautiful plateau natural scenery 布达拉宫the Potala Palace
出土文物unearthed cultural relics
古建筑群ancient architectural comples
古文化遗址sites of primitive cultures
北京故宫博物馆the Palace Museum
秦始皇兵马俑博物馆 Museum of the Terra-cotta Warriors 四川三星堆博物馆the Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan 陵墓emperor’s mausoleum/tomb
古墓ancient tomb
皇城imperial city
行宫temporary imperial palace for brief stays 御花园imperial garden
颐和园the Summer Palace
蒙古包 (Mongolian) yurt
佛教建筑the Buddhist architecture
历史古迹historical sites
土特产品local specialties
星级饭店star-rated hotel
文明风景旅游示范点model civilized scenic site 国际旅游局China National Tourism Adminiatration 入境游客international tourist arrivals 旅游服务需方 business second party of tourist service
顾客 customer
旅游者 tourist
旅游散客 independent traveler
旅游团队 tour group
旅游服务供方 service supplier in tourism 旅游服务组织 service organization in tourism 旅游服务企业 enterprise of service in tourism 旅游定点企业 designated tourism enterprises 旅游服务特性 characteristics of service in tourism 旅游服务提供 service delivery in tourism
旅游服务等级 service grade in tourism 星级 star
星级评定 star-rating
旅游服务产品 product of service in tourism 观光旅游 sightseeing tour
度假旅游 vacation tour
专项旅游 specific tour
会议旅游 convention tour
奖励旅游 incentive travel
特种旅游 special interest tour 旅行社 travel service;travel agency 导游人员 tour guide
海外领队 overseas escort
旅游交通 tourist communications 旅游汽车 tourist automobile
旅游船 cruise ship
游览船 sightseeing boat;sightseeing ship 星级游船 star-rated cruise ship 旅游住宿 tourist lodging
旅游涉外饭店 hotels catering to overseas tourists
星级饭店 star-rated hotel
涉外公寓 apartment for aliens
星级公寓 star-rated apartment
涉外写字楼 office buiding for aliens 旅游餐饮 tourist catering
旅游定点餐馆 designated tourist restaurant 旅游团队餐 meals for tour group
游览地 place of sightseeing
游览区 sightseeing district
度假区 holiday resort
游览点 sightseeing spot
参观点 visiting spot
旅游购物 tourist shopping
旅游定点商店 designated tourist shop 旅游娱乐 tourist recreation
文化类旅游娱乐场所 tourist recreational spot of cultural kind
康乐类旅游娱乐场所 tourist recreational spot of health and pleasure kind
服务 service
旅游服务质量 service quality in tourism 旅游服务规范 service specification in tourism
旅游服务质量标准 standards of service quality in tourism 旅游服务质量评定 evaluation of service quality in tourism 旅游服务质量认证 validation of service quality in tourism 旅游安全管理 management of tourist safety
旅游投诉管理 handling of tourist complaint
旅游投诉 tourist complaint
旅游投诉理赔 settlement of tourist complaint
字号:大 中 小
英语三级笔译词汇小集——生态旅游
Adamingxia收集整理
世界自然遗产地World Natural Heritages site 国际生态旅游协会the International Ecotourism Society
可持续观光sustainable tourism 野生生物旅游wildlife tourism
绿色观光green tourism
适宜的旅游appropriate tourism 负责的旅游responsible tourism 自然旅游nature tourism
荒野旅游wilderness tourism
探险旅游adventure tourism
替代性旅游alternative tourism 自然假日nature vacations
研修旅游study tourism
科考旅游scientific tourism
文化旅游cultural tourism
农业旅游agro-tourism
乡村旅游rural tourism
背包游package tourism
自助游DIY tourism
团体游group/organized tourism
医疗旅游medical tourism
生态城市eco city
生态农业eco-farming
海洋生态系统marine ecosystems
沿海生态系统coastal ecosystems
河口生态系统estuarine ecosystems
岛屿生态系统island ecosystems
加强生态农业建设 Promoting the construction of ecological agriculture
经济发展与生态平衡 economic development and ecological equilibrium 生态系统的系统
system analysis of ecosystem
生态环境保护专项规划 Sub-plan for Environmental Protection 旖旎神奇的热带、亚热带自然景观rare tropic rain forest, special semi-tropical vies
依山傍海at the foot of hills and beside the sea 山清水秀beautiful mountains and clear waters 海上仙境a fairyland on the sea
世界文化遗产与自然遗产the World Cultural and Natural Heritage
人文历史悠久a long cultural tradition
“天下第一山”the “most beautiful mountain under heaven”
山清、水秀、洞奇、石美fantastic hills, crystal-clear water, spectacular caves and picturesque rocks
龙门石窟Longmen Grottoes
上有天堂,下有苏杭。 In heaven there is the paradise, and on earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.
桂林山水甲天下。 Gullin scenery tops/belittles those elsewhere./Guilin scenery stands out as the world’s best.
泰山之美、华山之雄、桂林之秀、黄山至多变the grandeur of Mount Tai, the steepness of Mount Hua, the elegance of Guilin, and the variety of Mount Huangshan
英语三级笔译词汇小集——经济
Adamingxia收集整理
国民生产总值GNP(Gross National Product)
人均国民生产总值per capita GNP
产值output value
宏观控制exercise macro-control
优化经济结构optimize the economic structure
保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth 改善经济环境improve economic environment
整顿经济秩序rectify economic order
非公有成分non-public sectors
发挥市场的调节作用give play to the regulatory role of the market 经济和法律的杠杆economic and legal leverages
经济
和市场调节相结合combine economic planning with market regulation 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/the principle of equality, mutual
benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development 长三角Yangtze River delta
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck” restrictions
企业的自我约束机制self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises
加速科研成果向生产力的转化facilitate a faster transition from research to actual production
科教兴国战略strategy of invigorating the country through science, technology and education
企业兼并重组annexation and reorganization of enterprises
保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life
采取市场多元化战略adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market
抓大放小invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones / focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves
出口创汇型/外向型产业export-oriented industry
垂直兼并vertical merger
国家补贴public subsidies
国家鼓励项目projects listed as encouraged by the state
国家科技创新体系State Scientific and Technological Innovation System 自主经营,自负盈亏responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
经济学家economist
社会主义经济 socialist economy 资本主义经济 capitalist economy 集体经济 collective economy 计划经济 planned economy 管制经济 controlled economy 农村经济 rural economics 自由经济 liberal economy 混合经济 mixed economy
政治经济学 political economy 保护主义protectionism
闭关自守autarchy
初级成分 primary sector 私营成分,私营部门 private sector 公共部门,公共成分 public sector 经济渠道 economic channels 经济平衡 economic balance 经济波动 economic fluctuation 经济衰退 economic depression 经济稳定 economic stability 经济政策 economic policy
经济复原 economic recovery 约定understanding
集中concentration
控股公司 holding company 托拉斯trust
卡特尔cartel
增长 rate of growth
经济趋势 economic trend 经济形势 economic situation 基本建设infrastructure 生活标准,生活水平 standard of living
购买力 purchasing power, buying power
短缺scarcity
停滞,萧条,不景气stagnation 不发达underdevelopment 不发达的underdeveloped 发展中的developing
英语三级笔译词汇小集(四)——历史
Adamingxia收集整理
支,系branch
部族,部落tribe
种族race,breed
宗族,世系lineage
门第,血统stock
贵族出身of noble birth
平民出身of humble birth
家世extraction
后裔progeny, issue
姻亲kinsmen by affinity
家谱family tree
北伐战争the Northern Expedition
新民主主义运动the Neo-Nationalist Movement 三民主义the Three People’ Principles (Nationalism, Democracy and the People’s
Livelihood) put forward by Dr. Sun Yat-sen 百日维新(1898年) the One-Hundred-Day Reform 鸦片战争the Opium Wars
玛雅文化Mayan civilization
母系氏族社会matriarchal clan society 农民阶级peasantry
地主阶级 landocracy; the landlord class 资产阶级bourgeoisie; the capitalist class 民族资产阶级national bourgeoisie
小资产阶级petty bourgeoisie
中产阶级middle bourgeoisie; middle class 官僚资产阶级bureaucrat bourgeoisie 玫瑰战争the Wars of Roses
君主立宪制Consstitutional monarchy 枢密院Privy Council
诺曼征服the Norman Conquest
宪章运动the Chartist Movement
英语三级笔译词汇小集(四)——贸易金融股票 Adamingxia收集整理
招商引资attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)
情感消费emotional consumption 大盘股 big macs, big/large-cap stock, mega-issue
上市offering, list
证交所bourse
龙头企业 corporate champion 上海证交所 Shanghai Exchange 养老基金 pension fund
共同基金 mutual fund
对冲式共同基金 hedge mutual fund 股票share
股价valuation
保险商underwriter
政府债券 government bond 储蓄帐户 saving account
股市 equity market
股东shareholder
摘牌delist
亏损企业 money-loser
存货inventory
上市公司 traded company, trading enterprise
利益相关者stakeholder
透明度transparency
微软全国广播公司 Msnbc: Microsoft national broadcast
市场经济基本规则 market fundamentalist 安全顾问 damage-contral machinery 有效市场 efficient market
知识产权 intellectual property 投机行为 opportunistic practice 世通公司WorldCom
行贿bribery
企业家entrepreneur
做假帐 cook the book
监管体系 regulatory system
audit 审计
accounting firm 会计事务所
Great Depression 大萧条
portfolio 投资组合
money-market 短期资本市场 capitual-market 长期资本市场 volatility 波动
diversification 多元化 commodity 期货
real estate 房地产
option 期权
call option 看涨期权
put option 看跌期权
merger 并购
arbitrage 套利
Securities&Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会
dollar standard 美元本位制 flight 贬值
budget 预算
deficit 赤字
bad debt 坏帐
output 产值
macroeconomic 宏观经济 fiscal stimulus 财政刺激 a store of value 保值
transaction currency 结算货币 forward exchange 期货交易 intervention currency 干预货币
Treasury bond 财政部公债
currnt-account 经常项目
pickup in rice 物价上涨
Federal Reserve 美联储
inflation 通货膨胀
deflation 通货紧缩
tighter credit 紧缩信贷
monetary policy 货币政策 awash in excess capacity 生产力过剩 foreigh exchange 外汇
spot transaction 即期交易 forward transaction 远期交易 option forward transaction 择期交易 swap transaction 调期交易 quote 报价
settlment and delivery 交割 buying rate 买入价
selling rate 卖出价
spread 差幅
contract
at par 平价
premium 升水
discount 贴水
direct quoation method 直接报价法 indirect quoation method 间接报价法
dividend 股息
domestic currency 本币
floating rate 浮动利率
parent company 母公司
credit swap 互惠贷款
venture capital 风险资本
virtual value 虚拟价值
physical good 物质产品
abstract good 抽象产品
Patent&Trademark Office 专利与商标局 book value 帐面价值
physical capital 实际资本
IPO:initial public offering 新股首发 job machine 就业市场
welfare capitalism 福利资本主义 collective market cap 市场资本总值 golbal corporation 跨国公司 transnational status 跨国优势 transfer price 转让价格
General Accounting Office 〈美〉会计总会 consolidation 兼并
leveraged 杠杆
英语三级笔译词汇小集(六)——体育(一) Adamingxia收集整理
全民健身运动nationwide fitness program
中超联赛cheering squad 棒球运动记者scribe
拉拉队长cher-leader, rooter king
掷钱猜先toss
运球dribble
擦网球net ball
擦边球edge ball/ touch ball 抽杀成功hit through
大满贯grand slam
大力扣杀hammer
吊球drop shot
点球penalty kick
任意球free kick
乌龙球own good
劲射power shot
第一双打first pair
第一发球权first inning
第一发球员first server
队长袖标(足球) skipper’s armband
头号种子选手No.1 seed (player); top seed 二流选手scrub/second-rater
锋利扣杀razor-sharp smash
高难度动作stunner, stunt
好出风头的运动员exhibitionist, grandstander 花样游泳water ballet
临时主教练caretaker coach
抢跑false start; beat the gun 入水时水花很少clean entry
三连冠three successive championship 险胜cliff-hanging win; narrow victory 自行车越野赛cyclo-cross
滑板车scooter
减肥体操slimnastics
日光浴室solarium
体育酒吧sports bar
申办奥运会bid for the Olympic Games
新北京,新奥运New Beijing, Great Olympics
绿色奥运,科技奥运,人文奥运green, high-tech and people-friendly Olympic Games
球场court
前锋forwards 后卫guards 中锋center 后场backcourt 前场frontcourt 得分后卫point guard
组织后卫shooting guard 大前锋power forward 小前锋small forward
篮框rim,basket
争球jump ball
攻方offense 守方defence
计时器shot clock
打成平分tie 加时赛overtime(OT) 运球dribbling
身前快速运球speed
双手交替运球crossover
身后运球behind-the-back 腿间运球between,the,leg
转身运球spin
传球pass
胸部传球chest
反弹传球bounce
过顶传球overhead
大力传球baseball,type
身后传球behind,the,back 投篮方式shooting form 直接篮下得分layup
大力灌篮the dunk shot 跳投jump shot
勾手投篮hook shot
投篮命中率field goalds(FGs) 三分球命中率3-point FGs 罚球foul shot
罚球线free throw line 篮板rebound
攻方篮板off.rebounds 守方篮板def.rebounds 助攻assists
内线得分points in paint 暂停time,out
卡位screens
人盯人men,to, men defense 区域防守zone defense 盖帽blocking
失误turnovers
撞人犯规charging
阻挡犯规holding
推人犯规pushing
技术犯规technical offence(fouls)
常规赛regular season
季后赛playoff
游泳Swimming
游泳池swimming pool
更衣室changing room
淋浴 shower
跳台diving platform
10米跳台ten-meter platform 5米跳台five-meter platform 3米跳板three-meter springboard 1米跳板one-meter springboard 跳水池diving pool
浅水池non-swimmer's pool 深水池swimmer's pool
出发台starting block
出发起跳starting dive
水线rope with cork floats 泳道swimming lane
终点触线touching the finishing line
计时员timekeeper
救生员lifesaver, lifeguard 陆上练习land drill
蛙泳breaststroke
爬泳crawl stroke
仰泳back stroke
侧泳side stroke
蝶泳butterfly stroke
海豚式蝶泳dolphin butterfly stroke 踩水treading water
潜泳underwater swimming
人工海浪泳池swimming pool with artificial waves
人工海浪artificial waves
泳裤swimming trunks
泳衣swimsuit, swimming suit 泳帽swimming cap
比基尼泳衣bikini
比基尼乳罩bikini top
比基尼式泳裤bikini bottom
冲浪surfing
冲浪板surfboard
滑水橇water ski
Words of Sports: Riding and Horse Riding
赛马
骑马riding
跑马场,赛马场racecourse, racetrack 马球jockey, polo
马球运动员rider
跳跃赛show jumping competition 障碍赛steeplechase
障碍 fence
快跑的马trotter
自行车,摩托车Words of Sports: Bicycle Motorcycle
车类运动car
自行车赛车场velodrome, cycling stadium
公路赛road race
计时赛race
追逐赛chase
摩托车motorcycle, motorbike 赛车racing car
赛车驾驶员racing driver 汽车拉力赛 rally
水上运动Words of Sports: Water Sports
游泳池swimming pool 游泳swimming
混合泳medley relay
爬泳crawl
蛙式breaststroke
仰式backstroke
自由式freestyle
蝶泳butterfly (stroke) 跳水diving competition 水球 water polo
水橇 water skiing
划船rowing
划艇canoe
赛艇boat race
游艇yacht
皮船kayak
帆船运动sailing
船外马达outboard boat
英语三级笔译词汇小集(七)——体育(二) Adamingxia收集整理
球类运动Games and Competitions
足球football
橄榄球rugby
篮球basketball
排球volleyball
网球tennis
垒球baseball
手球handball
曲棍球hockey
高尔夫球golf
板球cricket
冰球ice hockey
球门员goalkeeper
中线发球centre kick 球门发球goal kick
边线发球throw in, line-out 射门得分to score a goal 对方球门线后触地得分to convert a try
板球运动员batsman
击球运动员batter
单打运动员men's singles
混合双打in the mixed doubles 体育项目Individual Sports 体操gymnastics
体操器械gymnastic apparatus 单杠horizontal bar
双杠parallel bars
吊环rings
秋千trapeze
肋木wall bars
鞍马side horse, pommelled horse
举重weight-lifting
重量级weights
拳击 boxing
古典式摔跤Greece-Roman wrestling 揪钮 hold, lock
柔道judo
击剑fencing
冬季运动winter sports
滑雪 skiing
滑雪板ski
速降滑雪赛,滑降downhill race 障碍滑雪slalom
跳高滑雪比赛ski jumping competition
跳高滑雪ski jump
滑冰ice skating
花样滑冰figure skating
滑旱冰roller skating
雪橇bobsleigh, bobsled 竞技Athletics
跑race
中长跑middle-distance race 长跑运动员long-distance runner 短跑 (美作:dash) sprint
400米栏the 400 metre hurdles 马拉松marathon
十项decathlon
越野跑cross-country race 跳跃jump
跳跃运动jumping
跳高high jump
跳远 (美作:broad jump)long jump 三级跳triple jump,hop step and jump
撑竿跳pole vault
投掷throw
投掷运动throwing
推铅球putting the shot,shot put 掷铁饼throwing the discus 掷链锤throwing the hammer 掷标枪throwing the javelin
竞走 walk
网球Tennis
网球运动tennis
草地网球运动lawn tennis 草地网球场grass court 球拍racket
球拍夹racket press (球拍的)弦gut, string 触线球line ball
底线球baseline ball 边线球sideline ball 直线球straight ball 边线直线球down-the-line shot
斜线球crosscourt 高球high ball,lob 低球low ball
长球long shot
短球short shot
削球 cut
抽球smash
跃起抽球jump smash 旋转球spin
抽低球low drive
截击空中球volley
低截球low volley
深球deep ball
重球heavy ball
落网球net
平击球flat stroke 平抽球flat drive
重发球let
机会球fluke,set-up,easy 击触地球ground stroke 打出边线的球wide
高球扣杀overhead smash,overhand smash
局game
盘 set
一平fifteen all
二平thirty all
三平forty all
局末平分, 盘末平局deuce 一方得零分的一局love game 双误, 两次发球失误double fault
两跳,还击前球着地两次‘not up’ 发球线service line 前场fore court
后场back court
中点centre mark
发球员server
接球员receiver
篮球运动;篮球Basketball 篮板backboard
球场的后场backcourt 后卫backcourtman 控球ball control 背后传球behind-the-back pass
前锋cornerman
中锋center
撞人charge
胸前传球chest pass 空心球clean shot
<美俚>篮球运动员cager
双方犯规double foul 运球 dribble
罚球foul shot
罚球free throw
罚球区free throw lane 罚球线free throw line 全场紧逼full-court press 投篮goal
后卫guard
打手犯规hack
英语三级笔译词汇小集(八)——农业
Adamingxia收集整理(参考《英语笔译务实》及网络等)
三高农业 “three highs”agriculture (high yield, high quality and high efficiency agriculture)
三农问题issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers
打白条issue IOU(IOU:借款、债务、由I owe you 读音缩略转移而来)
立体农业three-dimensional agriculture
农业技术合作ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperation
联产承包责任制system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; countract system with remuneration linked to output
老少边穷地区former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas 三下乡a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers
农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor (laborers)
生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture
温饱型农业subsistence agriculture
退耕还林还牧convert the land for forestry and pasture; grain for green 小农经济small-scale peasant economy; autarkical small-scale farming
效益农业profitable agriculture
鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey
草根工业grass root industry (village and township enterprises which take root among
farmers and grow like wild grass)
多功能性(农业)multifuncitionality
农林间作agro-forestry
农业生态学agricultural ecology
农业增值税added value of agriculture
农产品的统购派购unified purchasing of farm produce by the state according to fixed
quotes
农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor(laborers)
农垦agricultural reclamation
农转非rural residents become urban residents 土地酸化acidification
土地沙化desertification of land; desert encroachment 土地使用权land-use right
土地承包期land contract period
粮食收购部门 (government’s) grain procurement (purchasing)agencies
提高农产品收购价格the government’s increase in its procurement prices (for farm
products)
按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices
粮食仓库grain depot
粮食收储企业grain collection and storage enterprise
粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds 粮食销售市场grain sales market
过度开垦excess reclamation
技术下乡spread technological knowledge to farmers
江南水乡the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River 禁渔期closed fishing seasons
经济林cash tree
庄家歉收crop failure
乡统筹,村提留fees paid by farmers for overall township planning and village reserve
种植业crop farming
白色农业white agriculture; white engineering agriculture; microbiological agriculture
有机农业organic agriculture
开拓农村消费市场develop consumer markets in rural areas
取消国家对农产品的统购统销cancel the state’s monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural/products
土壤land,soil
耕地arable land, tilled land 旱田dry soil
沃土,肥沃的土壤fertile soil 腐殖质humus
水浇地irrigable land
贫瘠土壤lean soil, poor soil 荒地wasteland, barren land 草grass
草地grassland
草甸meadow
大草原prairie
牧场pasture land
休闲to lie fallow
休闲地fallow
亩茬地stubble, stubble field 稿杆straw, hay
农村人口rural population 农村迁徙rural exodus
土地改革land reform, agrarian reform
农业机械化mechanization of farming 机械化耕作mechanized farming 农场farm
奶牛场cattle farm
大农场,牧场ranch
庄园hacienda
田产holding
地块plot, parcel, lot 合作农场cooperative farm 集体农场collective farm 农村country, countryside 农民,农夫countryman
农民,农妇countrywoman
农学家agronomist
大农场主latifundium, large landed estate
农户farmer
农业工人producer
佃户settle
地主,土地拥有者landowner
外居地主absentee landlord 小农smallholder, small farmer 牧场主rancher
土地租用人tenant farmer, leaseholder
佃农sharecropper
农夫,犁田者ploughman
农场工人,农业工人farm labourers (美作:farm laborers) 农场短工farm hand
牧场工人cattle farmer
牛仔cowherd, cowboy
牧人shepherd
果农fruit grower
葡萄栽植者vinegrower
采葡萄者vintager
农业farming, husbandry
畜牧业animal husbandry, animal breeding 乳品业,乳牛业dairy farming
园艺horticulture
商品蔬菜种植业market gardening
果树栽培fruit growing
葡萄栽培vinegrowing, viticulture 油橄榄栽培olive growing
树艺arboriculture
造林学silviculture
农产品agricultural products, farm products 食品foodstuffs
乳制品dairy produce, dairy products 乳品加工业dairy industry
农事年crop year, farming year 季节season
农业市场agricultural, commodities market 牲畜livestock