有机热载体炉的调试

二十四式太极拳教学单　位：　江苏省响水__　年　级：　　　　高二　　　__　制定人：　　　　朱志万　　　　时间：　2016至2017　　　 单元教学目标 （1）认知目标：初步学习我国传统体育文化，掌握二十四太极拳的整套技术动作和几套花样跳绳的动作技能。（2）技能目标：发展学生柔韧和灵敏的身体素质及提高学生跳跃和协作能力，（3）情感目标：培养学生动静结合、刚柔并济的运动作风，有效的培养学生形成良好的跳绳习惯。 课次 教学内容 1 二十四式太极拳：（1—4式）； 课时教学目标 教学重点、难点 学习策略 2 二十四式太极拳：（5—8式）； 1、学生知道24式太极拳的产生的发展健身意义，能较规范的完成1-4式动作。2、有效的发展学生的灵活性、协调性、柔韧性和步型的转换能力，及发展学生跳跃和协作能力。 重点：动作线路动作方法难点：虚实分明上下协调 .创设情境讲解示范合作探究自主练习语言提问激励提示互帮互助图片展示小组讨论竞赛体验 3 二十四式太极拳：（9—14式）； 1、学生熟练掌握24式太极拳5—8式的动作。2、发展学生灵活性、协调性、柔韧性和步型的转换能力。3、培养学生勇敢、顽强、不逞强凌弱的优良品质。 .重点、难点：转体和视线 4 二十四式太极拳：（15—19式） 1、学生了解24式太极拳第（9——14式）的动作要领。2、发展学生的灵活性、协调性、柔韧性及跳跃能力的提高。3、培养对太极拳的兴趣和爱好，增强民族自豪感。 重点：动作线路动作方法难点：虚实分明上下协调 创设情境讲解示范合作探究自主练习语言提问激励提示互帮互助图片展示小组讨论竞赛体验 5 二十四式太极拳：（20—24式） 1、学生熟练掌握24式太极拳第十五组到十九式的动作。2、发展学生的协调性、灵敏性和步型的转换能力，使绝大部分学生能独立完成该组的动作。3、培养认真做事和持之以恒的良好习惯。 重点：动作线路动作方法难点：虚实分明上下协调 6 二十四式太极拳考评 1：学生了解24式太极拳第二十到二十四式的动作要领。2:发展学生的协调能力，使绝大部分学生能独立完成该组的动作。3：培养学生动静结合、刚柔并济的运动作风。 重点：姿势正确动作熟练难点：呼吸匀称收放自如 二十四式太极拳（1/6）教学内容一：二十四式太极拳：第1到4式　第一式：起势　　【动作方法】①身体自然直立，两脚开立，与肩同宽，脚尖向前；两臂自然下垂，两手放在大腿外侧；眼平看前方.②两臂慢慢向前平举，两手高与肩平，与肩同宽，手心向下。③上体保持正直，两腿屈膝下蹲；同时两掌轻轻下按，两肘下垂与两膝相对；眼平看前方。第二式：左右野马分鬃　　【动作方法】①上体微向右转，身体重心移至右腿上；同时右臂收在胸前平屈，手心向下，左手经体前向右下划弧至右手下，手心向上，两手心相对成抱球状；左脚随即收到右脚内侧，脚尖点地；眼看右手。②上体微向左转，左脚向左前方迈出，右脚跟后蹬，右腿自然伸直，成左弓步；同时上体继续向左转，左右手随转体慢慢分别向左上、右下分开，左手高与眼平（手心斜向上），肘微屈；右手落在右胯旁，肘也微屈，手心向下，指尖向前；眼看左手。③上体慢慢后坐，身体重心移至右腿，左脚尖翘起，微向外撇（大约45°--60°）,随后脚掌慢慢踏实，左腿慢慢前弓，身体左转，身体中心再移至左腿；同时左手翻转向下，左臂收在胸前平屈，右手向左上划弧至左手下，两手心相对成抱球状；右脚随即收到左脚内侧，脚尖点地；眼看左手。④右腿向右前方迈出，左腿自然伸直，成右工部；同时上体右转，左右手随转体分别慢慢向左下、右上分开，右手高与眼平（手心斜向上），肘微屈；左手落在左胯旁，肘也微屈，手心向下，指尖向前；眼看右手。⑤与③解同，只是左右相反。⑥与④解同，只是左右相反。第三式：白鹤亮翅　　【动作方法】①上体微向左转，左手翻掌向下，左臂平屈胸前，右手向左上划弧，手心转向上，与左手成抱球状；眼看左手。②右脚跟进半步，上体后坐，身体重心移至右腿，上体先向右转，，面向右前方，眼看右手；然后左脚稍向前移，脚尖点地，成左虚步，同时上体再微向左转，面向前方，两手随转体慢慢向右上、左下分开，右手上提停于右额前，手心向左后方，左手落于左胯前，手心向下，指尖向前；眼平看前方。第四式：左右搂膝拗步　　【动作方法】①右手从体前下落，右下向后上方划至右肩外，手与耳同高，手心斜向上；左手由左下向上、向右划弧至右胸前，手心斜向下；同时上体先微向左再向右转；左脚收至右脚内侧，脚尖着地，眼看右手。②上体左转，左脚向前（偏左）迈出成弓步；同时右手屈回由耳侧向前推出，高与鼻尖平，左手向下由左膝前搂过落于左胯旁，指尖向前；眼看右手手指。③右脚慢慢屈膝，上体后左，身体重心移至右腿，左脚尖翘起微向外撇，随后脚掌慢慢踏实，右脚前弓，身体左转，身体重心移至左腿，右脚收到左脚内侧，脚尖着地；同时左手向外翻掌由左后向上划弧至左肩外侧，肘委屈，手与耳同高，手心斜向上；右手随转体向上、向下划弧落于左胸前，手心斜向下；眼看左手。④与②解同，左右相反。⑤与③解同，左右相反。⑤与③解同，左右相反。⑥与②解同。二十四式太极拳（2/6）教学内容一：二十四式太极拳：第二组　第五式：手挥琵琶　　【动作方法】右脚跟进半步，上体后坐，身体重心转至右腿上，上体半面向右转，左脚略提起稍向前移，变成左虚步，脚跟着地，脚尖翘起，膝部微屈；同时左手由左下向上挑举，高与鼻尖平，掌心向右，臂微屈；右手收回放在左肘里侧，掌心向左；眼看左手食指。第六式：左右倒卷肱　　【动作方法】①上体右转，右手翻掌（手心向上）经腹前由下向后上方划弧平举，臂微屈，左手随即翻掌向上；眼的视线随着向右转体先向右看，再转向前方看左手。②右臂屈肘折向前，右手由耳侧向前推出，手心向前，左臂屈肘后撤，手心向上，撤至左肋外侧；同时左腿轻轻提起向后（偏左）退一步，脚掌先着地，然后全脚慢慢踏实，身体重心移到左腿上，成右虚步，右脚随转体以脚掌为轴扭正；眼看右手。③上体微向左转，同时左手随转体向后上方划弧平举，手心向上，右手随即翻掌，掌心向上；眼随转体先向左看，再转向前方看右手。④与②解同，只是左右相反⑤与③解同，只是左右相反⑥与②解同。⑦与③解同。⑧与②解同，只是左右相反。⑨上体微向右转，同时右手随转体向后上方划弧平举，手心向上，左手放松，手心向下；眼看左手。第七式：左揽雀尾第八式：右揽雀尾　　【动作方法】①上体后坐并向右转，身体重心移至右腿，左脚尖里扣；右手向右平行划弧至左肋前，手心向上；左臂平屈胸前，左手掌心向下与右手成抱球状；同时身体重心再移至左腿上，右脚收至左脚内侧，脚尖点地；眼看左手。②同“左揽雀尾”②解，只是左右相反。③同“左揽雀尾”③解，只是左右相反。④同“左揽雀尾”④只是左右相反。⑤同“左揽雀尾”⑤解，只是左右相反。⑥同“左揽雀尾”⑥解，只是左右相反。二十四式太极拳（3/6）教学过程：第九式：单鞭　　动作方法:①上体后坐，身体重心逐渐移至左腿上，右脚尖里扣；同时上体左转，两手（左高右低）向左弧形运转，直至左臂平举，伸于身体左侧，手心向左，右手经腹前运至左肋前，手心向后上方；眼看左手。②身体重心再逐渐移至右腿上，上体右转，左脚向右脚靠拢，脚尖点地；同时右手向右上方划弧（手心由里转向外），，至右侧方时变勾手，臂与肩平；左手向下经腹前向下划弧停于右肩前，手心向里；眼看左手。③上体微向左转，左脚向左前侧方迈出，右脚跟后蹬，成左弓步；在身体重心向左腿的同时，左掌随上体的继续左转慢慢翻转向前推出，手心向前，手指与眼齐平，臂微屈；眼看左手。第十式：云手　　动作方法:①身体重心移至右腿上，身体渐向右转，左脚尖里扣；左手经腹前向右上划弧至右肩前，手心斜向后，同时右手变掌，手心向右前；眼看左手。②上体慢慢左转，身体重心随之逐渐左移；左手由脸前向左侧运转，手心渐渐转向左方；右手由右下经腹前向左上划弧至左肩膀前，手心斜向后；同时左脚靠近左脚，成小开立步（两脚距离约10-20厘米）；眼看右手。③上体再向右转，同时左手经腹前向大踏步划弧至右肩前，手心斜面向后；右手右侧运转，手心翻转向右；随之左腿向左横跨一步；眼看左手。④同②解。⑤同③解。⑥同②解。第十一式：单鞭　　动作方法:①上体向右转，右手随之向右运转，至右侧方时变成勾手；左手经腹前向右上划弧至右肩前，手心向内；身体重心落在右腿上，左脚尖点地；眼看左手。②上体微向左转，左脚向左前侧方迈出，右脚跟后蹬，成左弓步；在身体重心移向左腿的同时，上体继续左转，左掌慢慢翻转向前推出，成“单鞭”式。第十二式：高探马　　动作方法:①右脚跟进半步，身体重心逐渐后移至右腿上；右手变掌，两手心翻转向上，两肘微屈；同时身体微向右转，左脚跟渐渐离地；眼看左前方。②上体微向左转，面向前方；右掌经右耳旁向前推出，手心向前，手指与眼同高；左手收至左侧腰前，手心向上；同时左脚微向前移，脚尖点地，成左虚步；眼看右手。第十三式：右蹬脚　　动作方法:①左手手心向上，前伸至右腕背面，两手相互交叉，随即向两侧分开并向下划弧，手心斜向下；同时左脚提起向左前侧方进步（脚尖略外撇）；身体重心前移，右腿自然蹬直，成左弓步；眼看前方。②两手由外圈向里圈划弧，两手交叉合抱于胸前，右手在外，手心均向后；同时右脚向左脚向左脚靠拢，脚尖点地；眼平看右前方。③两臂左右划弧分开平举肘部微屈，手心均向外；同时右腿屈膝担起，右脚向右前方慢慢蹬出；眼看右手。第十四式：双峰贯耳　　动作方法:①右腿收回，屈膝平举，左手由后向上、向前下落至体前，两手心均翻转向上，两手同时向下划弧分落于右膝两侧；眼看前方。②右脚向右前方落下，身体重心渐渐前移，成右弓步，面向右前方；同时两手下落，慢慢变拳，分别从两侧向上、向前划弧至面部前方，成钳形状，两拳相对，高与耳齐，拳眼都斜向下（两拳中间距离约10-20厘米）；眼看右拳。四、完整练习二十四式太极拳（4/6）第十五式：转身左蹬脚　　动作方法:①左腿屈膝后坐，身体重心移至左腿，上体左转，右脚尖里扣；同时两拳变掌，由上向左右划弧分开平举，手心向前；眼看左手②身体重心再移至右腿，左脚收到右脚内侧，脚尖点地；同时两手由外圈向里圈划弧合抱于胸前，左手在外，手心均向后；眼平看左方③两臂左右划弧分开平举，肘部微屈，手心均向外；同时左腿屈膝提起，左脚向左前方慢慢蹬出；眼看左手。第十六式：左下势独立　　动作方法:(1)左腿收回平屈，上体右转；右掌变成勾手，左掌向上、向右划弧下落，落于右肩前，掌心斜向后；眼看右手。②右腿慢慢屈膝下蹲，左腿由里向左侧（偏后）伸出，成左仆步；左掌下落（掌心向外）向左下顺左腿内侧向前穿出；眼看左手。③身体重心前移，左脚跟为轴，脚尖尽量向外撇，左脚前弓，右腿后蹬，右脚尖里扣，上体微向左转并向前起身；同时左臂继续向前伸出（立掌），掌心向右，右勾手下落，勾尖向后；眼看左手。④右腿慢慢提起平屈，成左独立势；同时右手变掌，并由后下方顺右腿外侧向前弧行摆出，屈臂立于右腿上方，肘与膝相对，手心向左；左手立于左胯旁，手心向下，指尖向前；眼看右手。第十七式：右下势独立　　动作方法:①右脚下落于左脚前，脚掌着地；然后左脚前掌为轴，脚跟转动，身体随之左转同时左手向后平举变成勾手，右掌随着转体向左侧划弧，立于左肩前，掌心斜向后，眼看左手。②同“左下势独立'(2)解，只是左右相反。③同“左下独立势”③解，只是左右相反（4)同“左下独立势”④解，只是左右相反。第十八式：左右穿梭　　动作方法:①身体微向左转，左脚向前落地，脚尖外撇，右脚跟离地，两腿屈膝成半坐盘式；同时两手在左胸前成抱球状（左上右下）；然后右脚收到左脚的内侧，脚尖点地；眼看左前臂。②身体右转，右脚向右前方迈出，屈膝弓腿，成右弓步；同时右手由脸前向上举并翻掌停在右额前，手心斜向上；左手先向左下再经体前向前推出，高与鼻尖平，手心向前；眼看左手。③身体重心略向后移，右脚尖稍向外撇，随即身体重心再移至右腿，左脚跟进，停于右脚内侧，脚尖点地；同时两手在右胸前成抱球状（右上左下）；眼看左前臂。④同②解，只是左右相反。第十九式：海底针二十四式太极拳（5/6）教学过程：第二十式：闪通臂　　动作方法:上体稍向右转，左脚向前迈出，屈膝弓腿成左弓步；同时右手由体前上提，屈臂上举，停于右额前上方，掌心翻转斜向上，拇指朝下；左手上起经胸前向前推出，高与鼻尖平，手心向前；眼看左手。要点：完成姿势上体自然正直，松腰、松胯；左臂不要完全伸直，背部肌肉要伸展开。推掌、举掌和弓腿动作要协调一致。弓步时，两脚跟横向距离同“揽雀尾”式（不超过10厘米）。第二十一式：转身搬拦捶　　动作方法:①上体后坐，身体重心移至右腿上，左脚尖里扣，身体向后转，然后身体重心再移至左腿上；与此同时，右手随着转体和右、向下（变拳）经腹前划弧至左肋旁，拳心向下；左掌上举于头前，掌心斜向上；眼看前方。②向右转体，右拳经胸前向前翻转撇出，拳心向上；左手落于胯旁，掌心向下，指尖向前；同时右脚收回后（不要停顿或脚尖点地）即向前迈出，脚尖外撇；眼看右拳。③身体重心移至右腿上，左脚向前迈一步；左手上起经左侧向前上划弧拦出，掌心向前下方；同时右拳向右划弧收到右腰旁，拳心向上；眼看左手。④左腿前弓成左弓步，同时右拳向前打出，拳眼向上，高与胸平，左手附于右前臂里侧；眼看右拳。第二十二式：如封似闭　　动作方法:①左手由右腕下向前伸出，右拳变掌，两手手心逐渐翻转向上并慢慢分开回收；同时身体后坐，左脚尖翘起，身体重心移至右腿；眼看前方。②两手在胸前翻掌，向下经腹前再向上、向前推出，腕部与肩平，手心向前；同时左腿前弓成左弓步；眼看前方。第二十三式：十字手　　动作方法:①屈膝后坐，身体重心移向左腿，左脚尖里扣，向右转体；右手随着转体动作向右平摆划弧，与左手成两臂侧平举，掌心向前，肘部微屈；同时右脚尖随着转体稍向外撇，成右侧弓步；眼看右手。②身体重心慢慢移至左腿，右脚尖里押，随即向左收回，两脚距离与肩同宽，两腿逐渐蹬直，成开立步；同时两手向下经腹前向上划弧交叉合抱于胸前，两臂撑圆，腕高与肩平，右手在外，成十字手，手心均向后；眼看前方。第二十四式：收势　　动作方法:两手向外翻掌，手心向下，两臂慢慢下落，停于身体两侧；眼看前方。�INCLUDEPICTURE"http://www.npjyw.com/ty/cksc/taiji/learn/images/001.jpg"\*MERGEFORMATINET����INCLUDEPICTU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